Design, Synthesis, Characterization, and Molecular Docking of Novel Teneligliptin Derivatives for Enhanced Antidiabetic Activity

Novel Teneligliptin Derivatives for Antidiabetic Potential

Abstract

The present study reports the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of three novel Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor derivatives—D1 (Piperazine-substituted), D2 (Pyrrolidine-based), and D3 (Thiazole-substituted)—targeting improved antidiabetic activity. Structural confirmation was performed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, which verified the presence of key functional groups including amide, nitrile, and heterocyclic moieties. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis demonstrated high purity and distinct retention profiles for each derivative, confirming successful synthesis without detectable impurities. Spectral data indicated consistent chemical shifts corresponding to the predicted molecular frameworks, supporting the integrity of these compounds. Notably, the thiazole-containing derivative exhibited characteristic C–S stretching vibrations confirming heterocyclic substitution. The variation in retention times suggested differing polarity and structural attributes, which may influence biological activity. These findings validate the molecular architecture of the synthesized compounds, laying a strong foundation for subsequent pharmacological evaluation. The study highlights the potential of these derivatives as promising candidates for diabetes treatment through DPP-4 inhibition, warranting further in-vitro and in-vivo investigations to explore their therapeutic efficacy and safety profiles.